{"id":7748,"date":"2022-07-02T22:41:41","date_gmt":"2022-07-02T13:41:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hatsudy.com\/jp\/?p=7748"},"modified":"2022-07-20T21:52:07","modified_gmt":"2022-07-20T12:52:07","slug":"ionization-equilibrium","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hatsudy.com\/jp\/ionization-equilibrium.html","title":{"rendered":"\u96fb\u96e2\u5e73\u8861\uff1a\u96fb\u96e2\u5b9a\u6570\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305f\u96fb\u96e2\u5ea6\u3001pH\u306e\u8a08\u7b97"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u5f31\u9178\u3084\u5f31\u5869\u57fa\u3092\u6c34\u306b\u6eb6\u304b\u3059\u5834\u5408\u3001\u4e00\u90e8\u306f\u96fb\u96e2\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u306e\u3001\u591a\u304f\u306e\u5316\u5408\u7269\u306f\u96fb\u96e2\u305b\u305a\u306b\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\u306b\u6eb6\u3051\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3001\u5f31\u9178\u3084\u5f31\u5869\u57fa\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u3092\u793a\u3059\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u3068\u304d\u3001\u96fb\u96e2\u306b\u7740\u76ee\u3057\u305f\u5316\u5b66\u5e73\u8861\u306b\u96fb\u96e2\u5e73\u8861\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u96fb\u96e2\u5e73\u8861\u3067\u306f\u3001\u96fb\u96e2\u5b9a\u6570\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u3069\u308c\u3060\u3051\u5316\u5408\u7269\u304c\u96fb\u96e2\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u8a08\u7b97\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a\u96fb\u96e2\u5ea6\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u96fb\u96e2\u5e73\u8861\u306e\u5024\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u307e\u305f\u96fb\u96e2\u5ea6\u3084\u30e2\u30eb\u6fc3\u5ea6\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u96fb\u96e2\u5b9a\u6570\u306e\u5f0f\u3092\u5f97\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u899a\u3048\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u5f0f\u3092\u5c0e\u304d\u51fa\u305b\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u96fb\u96e2\u5b9a\u6570\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3066\u96fb\u96e2\u5ea6\u03b1\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3001pH\u3092\u5f97\u305f\u308a\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5316\u5b66\u5e73\u8861\u306f\u8a08\u7b97\u304c\u8907\u96d1\u3067\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u96fb\u96e2\u5e73\u8861\u306b\u7279\u6709\u306e\u8a08\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3053\u3067\u96fb\u96e2\u5b9a\u6570\u306e\u4f7f\u3044\u65b9\u3084\u8a08\u7b97\u554f\u984c\u306e\u89e3\u304d\u65b9\u3092\u89e3\u8aac\u3057\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u96fb\u96e2\u5e73\u8861\u3068\u96fb\u96e2\u5b9a\u6570\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2:\u5f31\u9178\u3067\u306e\u5e73\u8861\u72b6\u614b<\/h2>\n<p>\u5f37\u9178\u3084\u5f37\u5869\u57fa\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u3067\u3059\u3079\u3066\u96fb\u96e2\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u3067\u5f31\u9178\u3084\u5f31\u5869\u57fa\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u4e00\u90e8\u304c\u96fb\u96e2\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u308c\u306f\u3064\u307e\u308a\u3001\u5e73\u8861\u72b6\u614b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u9162\u9178\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u3001\u4e00\u90e8\u306e\u9162\u9178\u304c\u30a4\u30aa\u30f3\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u9162\u9178\u30a4\u30aa\u30f3\u306f\u9162\u9178\u306b\u623b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u53cd\u5fdc\u304c\u4e00\u5b9a\u306e\u30b9\u30d4\u30fc\u30c9\u3067\u767a\u751f\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u306b\u4e00\u90e8\u306e\u9162\u9178\u30a4\u30aa\u30f3\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306b\u306f\u3001\u9162\u9178\u304c\u6c34\u306b\u6eb6\u3051\u308b\u3068\u304d\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u5e73\u8861\u72b6\u614b\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>CH<sub>3<\/sub>COOH \u21c6 CH3COO<sup>&#8211;<\/sup> \uff0b H<sup>+<\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hatsudy.com\/jp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/kfje2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"383\" height=\"165\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-7761\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u3068\u304d\u306e\u5e73\u8861\u5b9a\u6570\u3092<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u96fb\u96e2\u5b9a\u6570K<sub>a<\/sub><\/span>\u3068\u3044\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u96fb\u96e2\u5b9a\u6570\u306e\u8868\u3057\u65b9\u306f\u5e73\u8861\u5b9a\u6570\u3068\u540c\u3058\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5fdc\u5f0f\u306e\u5de6\u5074\u3092\u5206\u6bcd\u3001\u53f3\u5074\u3092\u5206\u5b50\u306b\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u9162\u9178\u306e\u96fb\u96e2\u5b9a\u6570K<sub>a<\/sub>\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8868\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\\(K_a=\\displaystyle\\frac{[CH_3COO^-][H^+]}{[CH_3COOH]}\\)<\/p>\n<p>\u203bK<sub>a<\/sub>\u306e\u300ca\u300d\u306facid\uff08\u9178\uff09\u3092\u8868\u3057\u3001\u5f8c\u3067\u8aac\u660e\u3059\u308bK<sub>b<\/sub>\u306e\u300cb\u300d\u306fbase\uff08\u5869\u57fa\uff09\u3092\u8868\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u6e29\u5ea6\u304c\u4e00\u5b9a\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u9162\u9178\u306e\u6fc3\u5ea6\u306b\u95a2\u4fc2\u306a\u304f\u96fb\u96e2\u5b9a\u6570K<sub>a<\/sub>\u306f\u4e00\u5b9a\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span>\u96fb\u96e2\u5b9a\u6570\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u5e73\u8861\u3068\u5185\u5bb9\u304c\u540c\u3058\u306a\u306e\u3067\u554f\u984c\u306a\u304f\u7406\u89e3\u3067\u304d\u308b\u306f\u305a\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u5f31\u5869\u57fa\u306e\u96fb\u96e2\u5b9a\u6570K<sub>b<\/sub>\uff1a\u6c34\u3092\u7121\u8996\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b<\/h3>\n<p>\u6b21\u306b\u5f31\u5869\u57fa\u306e\u96fb\u96e2\u5b9a\u6570\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u5f31\u5869\u57fa\u306e\u96fb\u96e2\u5e73\u8861\u3067\u3072\u3093\u3071\u3093\u306b\u5229\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u4f8b\u306b\u30a2\u30f3\u30e2\u30cb\u30a2\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30a2\u30f3\u30e2\u30cb\u30a2\u3092\u6c34\u306b\u6eb6\u304b\u3059\u3068\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u96fb\u96e2\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>NH<sub>3<\/sub> \uff0b H<sub>2<\/sub>O \u21c6 NH<sub>4<\/sub><sup>+<\/sup> \uff0b OH<sup>&#8211;<\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u3068\u304d\u3001\u96fb\u96e2\u5b9a\u6570K\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\(K=\\displaystyle\\frac{[NH_4^+][OH^-]}{[NH_3][H_2O]}\\)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u305f\u3060\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\u306b\u306f\u5927\u91cf\u306eH<sub>2<\/sub>O\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u53cd\u5fdc\u306e\u524d\u5f8c\u3067H<sub>2<\/sub>O\u306e\u91cf\u306f\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u5909\u5316\u3057\u3066\u304a\u3089\u305a\u3001\u5e73\u8861\u306b\u95a2\u4e0e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u5024\uff08\u5b9a\u6570\uff09\u3068\u8003\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3053\u3067\u4e21\u8fba\u306b[H<sub>2<\/sub>O]\u3092\u304b\u3051\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u5f0f\u3092\u5909\u5f62\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\(K[H_2O]=\\displaystyle\\frac{[NH_4^+][OH^-]}{[NH_3]}\\)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u305d\u3053\u3067\u3001\\(K[H_2O]=K_b\\)\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u65b0\u305f\u306a\u5b9a\u6570\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a\u3001\u5f31\u5869\u57fa\u306e\u96fb\u96e2\u5b9a\u6570K<sub>b<\/sub>\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8868\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\(K_b=\\displaystyle\\frac{[NH_4^+][OH^-]}{[NH_3]}\\)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u96fb\u96e2\u5b9a\u6570\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3068\u304d\u3001H<sub>2<\/sub>O\u306f\u53cd\u5fdc\u306e\u524d\u5f8c\u3067\u7269\u8cea\u91cf\u306e\u5909\u5316\u304c\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5e73\u8861\u306b\u95a2\u4e0e\u3057\u3066\u304a\u3089\u305a\u3001\u7121\u8996\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5fdc\u5f0f\u306e\u4e2d\u3067H<sub>2<\/sub>O\u3092\u7121\u8996\u3059\u308b\u306e\u304c\u96fb\u96e2\u5b9a\u6570\u306e\u7279\u5fb4\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>\u96fb\u96e2\u5ea6\u03b1\u3068\u30e2\u30eb\u6fc3\u5ea6c\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3001\u96fb\u96e2\u5b9a\u6570\u306e\u5f0f\u3092\u5f97\u308b<\/h2>\n<p>\u305d\u308c\u3067\u306f\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u96fb\u96e2\u5b9a\u6570\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3057\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3068\u304d\u3001\u3069\u308c\u3060\u3051\u96fb\u96e2\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3092\u8868\u3059\u306e\u304c\u96fb\u96e2\u5ea6\u03b1\u3067\u3059\u3002\u5f37\u9178\u3084\u5f37\u5869\u57fa\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u96fb\u96e2\u5ea6\u306f1\u3067\u3059\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u3001\u5f31\u9178\u3084\u5f31\u5869\u57fa\u3067\u306f\u96fb\u96e2\u5ea6\u306f1\u672a\u6e80\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u9162\u9178\u306e\u96fb\u96e2\u5b9a\u6570K<sub>a<\/sub>\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u96fb\u96e2\u5b9a\u6570\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u3068\u304d\u3001\u5fc5\u8981\u306b\u306a\u308b\u306e\u304c\u96fb\u96e2\u5ea6\u03b1\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3053\u3067\u9162\u9178\u306e\u30e2\u30eb\u6fc3\u5ea6\u3092c\uff08mol\/L\uff09\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3068\u304d\u3001\u96fb\u96e2\u5b9a\u6570K<sub>a<\/sub>\u3092\u6570\u5f0f\u3067\u8868\u3057\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f31\u9178\u304c\u6c34\u306b\u6eb6\u3051\u308b\u3068\u304d\u3001c\u03b1\uff08mol\/L\uff09\u306e\u30a4\u30aa\u30f3\u304c\u751f\u6210\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u96fb\u96e2\u5ea6\u304c0.1\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u30d7\u30e9\u30b9\u3068\u30de\u30a4\u30ca\u30b9\u306e\u30a4\u30aa\u30f3\u304c\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c0.1c\uff08mol\/L\uff09\u305a\u3064\u751f\u6210\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u65b9\u3001\u96fb\u96e2\u3057\u305f\u5206\u3060\u3051\u5f31\u9178\u306e\u30e2\u30eb\u6fc3\u5ea6\u306f\u6e1b\u5c11\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3068\u304d\u3001\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u5f31\u9178\u306e\u6fc3\u5ea6\u306fc(1-\u03b1\uff09\uff08mol\/L\uff09\u3067\u3059\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u96fb\u96e2\u5ea6\u304c0.1\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\\(c(1-0.1)=0.9c\\)\uff08mol\/L\uff09\u306e\u5f31\u9178\u304c\u6c34\u306b\u6eb6\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3064\u307e\u308a\u3001\u9162\u9178\u3092\u6c34\u306b\u6eb6\u304b\u3059\u3068\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u6fc3\u5ea6\u304c\u5909\u5316\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hatsudy.com\/jp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/kfje10.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"166\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-7782\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u6570\u5f0f\u3092\u898b\u3066\u3082\u3001\u610f\u5473\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u305d\u3053\u3067\u96fb\u96e2\u5ea6\u3092\u4eee\u306b0.1\u3068\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3068\u304d\u3001\u6c34\u306b\u6eb6\u304b\u3057\u305f\u5f8c\u306b\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u30e2\u30eb\u6fc3\u5ea6\u304c\u5909\u5316\u3059\u308b\u306e\u304b\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u3001\u96fb\u96e2\u5ea6\u3092\u03b1\u306b\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u305d\u308c\u3067\u306f\u3001\u9162\u9178\u3092\u6c34\u306b\u6eb6\u304b\u3059\u3068\u304d\u306e\u30e2\u30eb\u6fc3\u5ea6\u3092\u5f97\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u305f\u305f\u3081\u3001\u96fb\u96e2\u5b9a\u6570K<sub>a<\/sub>\u3092\u5f97\u308b\u516c\u5f0f\u306b\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\\(K_a=\\displaystyle\\frac{[CH_3COO^-][H^+]}{[CH_3COOH]}\\)<\/p>\n<p>\\(K_a=\\displaystyle\\frac{c\u03b1\u00d7c\u03b1}{c(1-\u03b1)}\\)<\/p>\n<p>\\(K_a=\\displaystyle\\frac{c\u03b1^2}{(1-\u03b1)}\\)<\/p>\n<p>\u306a\u304a\u5f31\u9178\u3084\u5f31\u5869\u57fa\u306e\u96fb\u96e2\u5ea6\u306f\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u4f4e\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3067\u77e5\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a\u9162\u9178\u3084\u30a2\u30f3\u30e2\u30cb\u30a2\u3092\u542b\u3081\u3001\u5f31\u9178\u3084\u5f31\u5869\u57fa\u3067\u306f\u307b\u307c\u96fb\u96e2\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u5f31\u9178\u3084\u5f31\u5869\u57fa\u3067\u306f\u3001\u96fb\u96e2\u5ea6\u306f0.01\uff081%\uff09\u306a\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3001<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\\((1-\u03b1)\u22521\\)\u3068\u307f\u306a\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u96fb\u96e2\u5b9a\u6570\u306e\u8a08\u7b97\u3092\u3059\u308b\u3068\u304d\u3001\\((1-\u03b1)\\)\u30921\u3078\u5909\u63db\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u91cd\u8981\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3053\u3067\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u5f0f\u3092\u5909\u5f62\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\\(K_a=\\displaystyle\\frac{c\u03b1^2}{(1-\u03b1)}\\)<\/p>\n<p>\\(K_a\u2252c\u03b1^2\\)<\/p>\n<p>\u96fb\u96e2\u5e73\u8861\u306e\u8a08\u7b97\u3092\u3059\u308b\u3068\u304d\u3001\\(K_a=c\u03b1^2\\)\u3092\u899a\u3048\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u305d\u306e\u4ee3\u308f\u308a\u3001\u96fb\u96e2\u5b9a\u6570K<sub>a<\/sub>\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u5148\u307b\u3069\u306e\u5f0f\u3092\u5c0e\u304d\u51fa\u305b\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u96fb\u96e2\u5ea6\u3084H<sup>+<\/sup>\u306e\u30e2\u30eb\u6fc3\u5ea6\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u3001pH\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308b<\/h3>\n<p>\u6b21\u306b\u3001\\(K_a=c\u03b1^2\\)\u3092\u5909\u5f62\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u96fb\u96e2\u5b9a\u6570\u3068\u30e2\u30eb\u6fc3\u5ea6\u304c\u308f\u304b\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u3053\u306e\u5f0f\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u96fb\u96e2\u5ea6\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u5f0f\u3092\u5909\u63db\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\\(K_a=c\u03b1^2\\)<\/p>\n<p>\\(\u03b1^2=\\displaystyle\\frac{K_a}{c}\\)<\/p>\n<p>\\(\u03b1=\\sqrt{\\displaystyle\\frac{K_a}{c}}\\)<\/p>\n<p>\u96e3\u3057\u3044\u5f0f\u306e\u5909\u63db\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u3001\u554f\u984c\u306a\u304f\u7406\u89e3\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u306e\u306f\u3001\u96fb\u96e2\u5b9a\u6570\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3066\u96fb\u96e2\u5ea6\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u30fb\u96fb\u96e2\u5ea6\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308c\u3070pH\uff08H<sup>+<\/sup>\u306e\u30e2\u30eb\u6fc3\u5ea6\uff09\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u307e\u305f<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u96fb\u96e2\u5ea6\u3092\u5f97\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308c\u3070\u3001pH\u306e\u8a08\u7b97\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span>pH\u3092\u5f97\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u306f[H<sup>+<\/sup>]\uff08H<sup>+<\/sup>\u306e\u30e2\u30eb\u6fc3\u5ea6\uff09\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u516c\u5f0f\u306b\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\(pH=-log_{10}[H^+]\\)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[H<sup>+<\/sup>]\u3092\u77e5\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308c\u3070\u3001pH\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u96fb\u96e2\u5ea6\u03b1\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308c\u3070\u3001\u9162\u9178\u306e\u6fc3\u5ea6\u304b\u3089[H<sup>+<\/sup>]\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5148\u306b\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u305f\u901a\u308a\u3001[H<sup>+<\/sup>]\u306fc\u03b1\u3067\u3059\u3002\u9162\u9178\u306e\u30e2\u30eb\u6fc3\u5ea6c\u306b\u96fb\u96e2\u5ea6\u03b1\u3092\u304b\u3051\u308b\u3068\u3001\u5f53\u7136\u306a\u304c\u3089[H<sup>+<\/sup>]\u3092\u5f97\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u3046\u3057\u3066[H<sup>+<\/sup>]\u3092\u5f97\u305f\u5f8c\u3001pH\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u96fb\u96e2\u5b9a\u6570\u304b\u3089\u96fb\u96e2\u5ea6\u3068pH\u3092\u5f97\u308b\u4f8b\u984c<\/h3>\n<p>\u305d\u308c\u3067\u306f\u3001\u96fb\u96e2\u5b9a\u6570\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u96fb\u96e2\u5ea6\u3068pH\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3057\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u554f\u984c\u306e\u7b54\u3048\u306f\u4f55\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>0.28mol\/L\u306e\u9162\u9178\u6eb6\u6db2\u306e\u96fb\u96e2\u5ea6\u3068pH\u3092\u6709\u52b9\u6570\u5b572\u30b1\u30bf\u3067\u6c42\u3081\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u306a\u304a\u9162\u9178\u306e\u96fb\u96e2\u5b9a\u6570K<sub>a<\/sub>\u30922.8\u00d710<sup>-5<\/sup>mol\/L\u3001log<sub>10<\/sub>2.8\u30920.45\u3068\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5148\u307b\u3069\u3001\\(K_a=c\u03b1^2\\)\u3068\u8a08\u7b97\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305d\u3053\u3067\u3001\u5024\u3092\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\\(2.8\u00d710^{-5}=0.28\u03b1^2\\)<\/p>\n<p>\\(\u03b1^2=1.0\u00d710^{-4}\\)<\/p>\n<p>\\(\u03b1=1.0\u00d710^{-2}\\)\u00a0\\((\u03b1&gt;0)\\)<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u3046\u3057\u3066\u3001\u96fb\u96e2\u5ea6\u306f1.0\u00d710<sup>-2<\/sup>\uff080.010\uff09\u3068\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u307e\u305f\u96fb\u96e2\u5ea6\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308c\u3070\u3001\u3069\u308c\u3060\u3051\u306eH<sup>+<\/sup>\u304c\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3082\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u96fb\u96e2\u5ea6\u306f0.01\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001H<sup>+<\/sup>\u306e\u30e2\u30eb\u6fc3\u5ea6\u306f2.8\u00d710<sup>-3<\/sup>mol\/L\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\\(0.28\u00d70.01=2.8\u00d710^{-3}\\)<\/p>\n<p>H<sup>+<\/sup>\u306e\u30e2\u30eb\u6fc3\u5ea6\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308c\u3070\u3001pH\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u516c\u5f0f\u306b\u4ee3\u5165\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u8a08\u7b97\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\\(pH=-log_{10}(2.8\u00d710^{-3})\\)<\/p>\n<p>\\(=3-0.45\\)<\/p>\n<p>\\(=2.55(\u22522.6)\\)<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u3046\u3057\u3066\u3001\u9162\u9178\u6eb6\u6db2\u306epH\u306f2.6\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3068\u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u5f31\u9178\u3068\u5f31\u5869\u57fa\u306epH\u306f\u96fb\u96e2\u5b9a\u6570\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3066\u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308b<\/h2>\n<p>\u5316\u5408\u7269\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u306f\u3001\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u3067\u96fb\u96e2\u3057\u3066\u5e73\u8861\u72b6\u614b\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u72b6\u614b\u304c\u96fb\u96e2\u5e73\u8861\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u96fb\u96e2\u5b9a\u6570\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u8868\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u96fb\u96e2\u5b9a\u6570\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3068\u304d\u3001\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u8003\u3048\u65b9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u300c\u96fb\u96e2\u5ea6\u306f\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u4f4e\u3044\u305f\u3081\u3001\u30a4\u30aa\u30f3\u306e\u751f\u6210\u3092\u7121\u8996\u3067\u304d\u308b\u300d\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u3052\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u96fb\u96e2\u5ea6\u03b1\u3068\u30e2\u30eb\u6fc3\u5ea6c\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u96fb\u96e2\u5b9a\u6570\u3092\u5f97\u308b\u5f0f\u3092\u4f5c\u308b\u3068\u304d\u3001\u3053\u306e\u8003\u3048\u65b9\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\\(K_a=c\u03b1^2\\)\u306e\u5f0f\u3092\u5f97\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u307e\u305f\u96fb\u96e2\u5b9a\u6570\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308c\u3070\u3001\u96fb\u96e2\u5ea6\u03b1\u3084pH\u306e\u8a08\u7b97\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\\(K_a=c\u03b1^2\\)\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3001pH\u3092\u5f97\u308b\u516c\u5f0f\u3092\u52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