{"id":9773,"date":"2022-09-17T17:49:36","date_gmt":"2022-09-17T08:49:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hatsudy.com\/jp\/?p=9773"},"modified":"2022-09-27T04:48:15","modified_gmt":"2022-09-26T19:48:15","slug":"kinetic-theory-of-gases","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hatsudy.com\/jp\/kinetic-theory-of-gases.html","title":{"rendered":"\u6c17\u4f53\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u904b\u52d5\u3068\u5727\u529b\uff1a\u6e29\u5ea6\u3068\u904b\u52d5\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u591a\u304f\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u304c\u58c1\u306b\u885d\u7a81\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5727\u529b\u304c\u751f\u307e\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u306b\u7740\u76ee\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u5727\u529b\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u305d\u308c\u3067\u306f\u3001\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3066\u5727\u529b\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u306f\u3001\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3059\u308c\u3070\u3044\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002\u6c17\u4f53\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u904b\u52d5\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u904e\u7a0b\u306f\u8907\u96d1\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u89e3\u304d\u65b9\u3092\u77e5\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308c\u3070\u554f\u984c\u3092\u89e3\u3051\u308b\u3082\u306e\u306e\u3001\u89e3\u304d\u65b9\u3092\u77e5\u3089\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u554f\u984c\u3092\u89e3\u3051\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7269\u7406\u3092\u5b66\u3076\u3068\u304d\u3001\u516c\u5f0f\u3092\u6697\u8a18\u3057\u3066\u3082\u610f\u5473\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u305d\u3053\u3067\u3001\u516c\u5f0f\u306e\u5c0e\u51fa\u65b9\u6cd5\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u305d\u3046\u3059\u308c\u3070\u3001\u6c17\u4f53\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u904b\u52d5\u3068\u5727\u529b\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6c17\u4f53\u304c\u79fb\u52d5\u3059\u308b\u3068\u304d\u306e\u30eb\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u5b66\u3073\u3001\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u306e\u904b\u52d5\u304b\u3089\u5727\u529b\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u305d\u3053\u3067\u3001\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u6c17\u4f53\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u904b\u52d5\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308c\u3070\u3044\u3044\u306e\u304b\u89e3\u8aac\u3057\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u6c17\u4f53\u5206\u5b50\u304c\u79fb\u52d5\u3059\u308b\u3068\u304d\u306e\u30eb\u30fc\u30eb<\/h2>\n<p>\u307e\u305a\u3001\u6c17\u4f53\u5206\u5b50\u304c\u79fb\u52d5\u3059\u308b\u3068\u304d\u306e\u30eb\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u77e5\u308a\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u30eb\u30fc\u30eb\u304c\u308f\u304b\u3063\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u3001\u6c17\u4f53\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u904b\u52d5\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7269\u7406\u3067\u306f\u524d\u63d0\u6761\u4ef6\u304c\u91cd\u8981\u3067\u3059\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u306f\u7406\u60f3\u6c17\u4f53\u306f\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u305f\u3060\u6c17\u4f53\u3092\u7406\u60f3\u6c17\u4f53\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u4eee\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u6c17\u4f53\u306e\u72b6\u614b\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3067\u304d\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u540c\u3058\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\u6c17\u4f53\u5206\u5b50\u304c\u79fb\u52d5\u3059\u308b\u3068\u304d\u3082\u524d\u63d0\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u30eb\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u4f5c\u308a\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5206\u5b50\u306f\u4e00\u5b9a\u306e\u901f\u3055\u306b\u3066\u3001\u76f4\u7dda\u3067\u9032\u3080\uff08\u7b49\u901f\u76f4\u7dda\u904b\u52d5\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u5206\u5b50\u304c\u58c1\u3068\u885d\u7a81\u3057\u3066\u3082\u901f\u3055\u306f\u5909\u308f\u3089\u306a\u3044<\/li>\n<li>\u7406\u60f3\u6c17\u4f53\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u91cd\u529b\u3092\u7121\u8996\u3067\u304d\u308b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5206\u5b50\u306f\u7406\u60f3\u6c17\u4f53\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5206\u5b50\u306b\u5927\u304d\u3055\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u305b\u305a\u3001\u5206\u5b50\u540c\u58eb\u304c\u885d\u7a81\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u307e\u305f\u307b\u304b\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u3001\u6163\u6027\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5e38\u306b\u540c\u3058\u30b9\u30d4\u30fc\u30c9\u3067\u52d5\u3044\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u30eb\u30fc\u30eb\u304c\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001\u6c17\u4f53\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u904b\u52d5\u3068\u5727\u529b\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u5f97\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u306a\u304a\u8a08\u7b97\u3092\u3059\u308b\u3068\u304d\u3001\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u306b\u7740\u76ee\u3057\u3066\u6c17\u4f53\u306e\u904b\u52d5\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3057\u3001\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u306b\u5727\u529b\u3092\u5f97\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3001\u5727\u529b\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308b<\/h2>\n<p>\u7acb\u65b9\u4f53\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u5206\u5b50\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u6c17\u4f53\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u904b\u52d5\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u7acb\u4f53\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\\(x\\)\u8ef8\u3001\\(y\\)\u8ef8\u3001\\(z\\)\u8ef8\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u8fba\u306e\u9577\u3055\u3092\\(L\\)\u3068\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hatsudy.com\/jp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/wsj24.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"404\" height=\"353\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-9776\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u5206\u5b50\u306f\u7a7a\u9593\u3092\u79fb\u52d5\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3082\u306e\u306e\u3001\u7269\u7406\u3067\u306f\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u306e\u307f\u8003\u3048\u3066\u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308c\u3070\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span>\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\\(x\\)\u8ef8\u306b\u7740\u76ee\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\\(x\\)\u8ef8\u65b9\u5411\u306e\u6210\u5206\u306b\u5206\u89e3\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hatsudy.com\/jp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/wsj25.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"327\" height=\"270\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-9777\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u6210\u5206\u306b\u7740\u76ee\u3059\u308c\u3070\u3044\u3044\u3068\u7406\u89e3\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u8a08\u7b97\u304c\u5bb9\u6613\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u306e\u529b\u7a4d\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b<\/h3>\n<p>\u305d\u308c\u3067\u306f\u3001\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u529b\u7a4d\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u306e\u8cea\u91cf\u304c\\(m\\)\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\\(x\\)\u8ef8\u65b9\u5411\u306b\u901f\u5ea6\\(v_x\\)\u3067\u9032\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u904b\u52d5\u91cf\u306f\\(mv_x\\)\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u307e\u305f\u524d\u8ff0\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3001\u5206\u5b50\u304c\u58c1\u306b\u885d\u7a81\u3057\u3066\u306f\u306d\u8fd4\u3063\u305f\u5f8c\u306e\u901f\u3055\u306f\u540c\u3058\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u5e38\u306b\u540c\u3058\u901f\u3055\u3067\u9032\u307f\u307e\u3059\u3002\u306f\u306d\u8fd4\u3063\u305f\u5f8c\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u306e\u901f\u5ea6\u306f\\(-v_x\\)\u3068\u306a\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u904b\u52d5\u91cf\u306f\\(-mv_x\\)\u3078\u3068\u5909\u5316\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3001\u529b\u7a4d\u3092\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8868\u305b\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\\(-mv_x-(mv_x)=-2mv_x\\)<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hatsudy.com\/jp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/qdk1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"152\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-9779\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u3064\u307e\u308a\u3001\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u304c\u53d7\u3051\u308b\u529b\u7a4d\u306f\\(-2mv_x\\)\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u305d\u308c\u3067\u306f\u3001\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u58c1\u304c\u53d7\u3051\u308b\u529b\u7a4d\u306f\u3044\u304f\u3089\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u4f5c\u7528\u30fb\u53cd\u4f5c\u7528\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u58c1\u304c\u53d7\u3051\u308b\u529b\u7a4d\u306f\u5206\u5b50\u304c\u53d7\u3051\u308b\u529b\u7a4d\u3068\u7b49\u3057\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span>\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3001\u58c1\u304c\u53d7\u3051\u308b\u529b\u7a4d\u306f\\(2mv_x\\)\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hatsudy.com\/jp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/qdk2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"164\" height=\"98\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-9780\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5206\u5b50\u304c\u53d7\u3051\u308b\u529b\u7a4d\u306f\\(-2mv_x\\)\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u58c1\u304c\u53d7\u3051\u308b\u529b\u7a4d\u306f\u7b26\u53f7\u304c\u9006\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u6c17\u4f53\u5206\u5b50\u304c\u518d\u3073\u540c\u3058\u58c1\u306b\u885d\u7a81\u3059\u308b\u307e\u3067\u306e\u6642\u9593<\/h3>\n<p>\u5206\u5b50\u304c\u58c1\u306b\u885d\u7a81\u3057\u305f\u5f8c\u3001\u5206\u5b50\u306f\u4ed6\u306e\u58c1\u306b\u885d\u7a81\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u306f\u306d\u8fd4\u308a\u3001\u518d\u3073\u540c\u3058\u58c1\u3068\u885d\u7a81\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5206\u5b50\u306f\u540c\u3058\u58c1\u3068\u4f55\u5ea6\u3082\u885d\u7a81\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u305d\u3053\u3067\u6c17\u4f53\u5206\u5b50\u304c\u885d\u7a81\u3057\u305f\u5f8c\u3001\u518d\u3073\u540c\u3058\u58c1\u306b\u885d\u7a81\u3059\u308b\u307e\u3067\u306e\u6642\u9593\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\\(x\\)\u8ef8\u4e0a\u306e\u58c1\u306b\u885d\u7a81\u3057\u305f\u5f8c\u3001\\(x\\)\u8ef8\u65b9\u5411\u306b\u8ddd\u96e2\\(2L\\)\u3092\u79fb\u52d5\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u518d\u3073\u540c\u3058\u58c1\u306b\u885d\u7a81\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hatsudy.com\/jp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/qdk3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"330\" height=\"278\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-9781\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u901f\u3055\u306f\\(v_x\\)\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u518d\u3073\u540c\u3058\u58c1\u306b\u885d\u7a81\u3059\u308b\u307e\u3067\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308b\u6642\u9593\\(t\\)\u3068\u79fb\u52d5\u8ddd\u96e2\\(2L\\)\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u5f0f\u3092\u4f5c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\\(v_xt=2L\\)<\/p>\n<p>\\(t=\\displaystyle\\frac{2L}{v_x}\\)<\/p>\n<p>\u540c\u3058\u901f\u5ea6\u3067\u5206\u5b50\u304c\u79fb\u52d5\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u518d\u3073\u540c\u3058\u58c1\u306b\u885d\u7a81\u3059\u308b\u307e\u3067\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308b\u6642\u9593\u306f\\(\\displaystyle\\frac{2L}{v_x}\\)\u3068\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u5206\u5b50\u304c1\u79d2\u9593\u306b\u58c1\u3078\u885d\u7a81\u3059\u308b\u56de\u6570<\/h3>\n<p>\u6b21\u306b\u3001\u5206\u5b50\u304c1\u79d2\u9593\u306b\u58c1\u3078\u885d\u7a81\u3059\u308b\u56de\u6570\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u524d\u8ff0\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3001\\(t=\\displaystyle\\frac{2L}{v_x}\\)\u79d2\u9593\u30671\u56de\u3001\u58c1\u306b\u885d\u7a81\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u308c\u306f\u30011\u79d2\u9593\u3067\u306f\u4f55\u56de\u58c1\u306b\u885d\u7a81\u3059\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002\u5206\u5b50\u304c1\u79d2\u9593\u306b\u58c1\u3078\u885d\u7a81\u3059\u308b\u56de\u6570\u3092\\(n\\)\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3068\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u6bd4\u4f8b\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u4f5c\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hatsudy.com\/jp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/qdk5.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"371\" height=\"227\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-9783\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u5f0f\u3092\u89e3\u304d\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\\(\\displaystyle\\frac{2Ln}{v_x}=1\\)<\/p>\n<p>\\(n=\\displaystyle\\frac{v_x}{2L}\\)<\/p>\n<p>\u8a08\u7b97\u306b\u3088\u308a\u30011\u79d2\u9593\u3067\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u306f\\(\\displaystyle\\frac{v_x}{2L}\\)\u56de\u3001\u58c1\u306b\u885d\u7a81\u3059\u308b\u3068\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u6c17\u4f53\u5206\u5b50\u304c1\u79d2\u9593\u3067\u58c1\u3078\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u529b<\/h3>\n<p>\u305d\u308c\u3067\u306f\u30011\u79d2\u9593\u3067\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u304c\u58c1\u306b\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u529b\u7a4d\u306f\u3044\u304f\u3089\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002\u5148\u307b\u3069\u8a08\u7b97\u3057\u305f\u901a\u308a\u3001\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u304c\u58c1\u306b\u4e00\u56de\u885d\u7a81\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u529b\u7a4d\u306f\\(2mv_x\\)\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u305f\u3060\u5206\u5b50\u306f1\u79d2\u9593\u306b1\u56de\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u30011\u79d2\u9593\u306b\\(\\displaystyle\\frac{v_x}{2L}\\)\u56de\u58c1\u306b\u885d\u7a81\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3001\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u304c1\u79d2\u9593\u3067\u58c1\u306b\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u529b\u7a4d\u306e\u5408\u8a08\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\\(2mv_x\u00d7\\displaystyle\\frac{v_x}{2L}=\\displaystyle\\frac{mv_x^2}{L}\\)<\/p>\n<p>\u306a\u304a\u529b\u7a4d\u306f\\(F\u0394t\\)\u3067\u8a08\u7b97\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u30021\u79d2\u3067\u306e\u529b\u7a4d\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\\(\u0394t=1\\)\u79d2\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\\(F\u00d71=\\displaystyle\\frac{mv_x^2}{L}\\)<\/p>\n<p>\\(F=\\displaystyle\\frac{mv_x^2}{L}\\)<\/p>\n<p>\u3064\u307e\u308a\u3001\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u304c1\u79d2\u9593\u3067\u58c1\u306b\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u529b\\(F\\)\u306f\\(\\displaystyle\\frac{mv_x^2}{L}\\)\u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u304c\u58c1\u3078\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u529b\u3092\u5f97\u308b<\/h3>\n<p>\u6b21\u306b\u3001\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u304c\u58c1\u3078\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u529b\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u8a08\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\u306f\u7c21\u5358\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u7acb\u65b9\u4f53\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u5206\u5b50\u306e\u6570\\(N\\)\u3092\u304b\u3051\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u304c\u901f\u3055\\(v_x\\)\u3067\u79fb\u52d5\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u304c\u58c1\u3078\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u529b\u306f\\(\\displaystyle\\frac{Nmv_x^2}{L}\\)\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u305f\u3060\u3001\u4e00\u3064\u554f\u984c\u70b9\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u304c\u540c\u3058\u901f\u3055\u3067\u79fb\u52d5\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u5206\u5b50\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u30b9\u30d4\u30fc\u30c9\u306f\u7570\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3053\u3067\\(v_x^2\\)\u306e\u4ee3\u308f\u308a\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\\(x\\)\u8ef8\u65b9\u5411\u306e\u901f\u3055\u306e\u4e8c\u4e57\u306e\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u3067\u3042\u308b\\(\\overline{v_x^2}\\)\uff08\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u306e\u901f\u3055\u306e\u4e8c\u4e57\u306e\u5e73\u5747\u5024\uff09\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u305d\u3046\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u5f0f\u3092\u5f97\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\(F=\\displaystyle\\frac{Nm\\overline{v_x^2}}{L}\\)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u3053\u3046\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7acb\u65b9\u4f53\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u304c\u58c1\u3078\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u529b\\(F\\)\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u5206\u5b50\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5727\u529b\u306e\u8a08\u7b97\u3092\u884c\u3046<\/h3>\n<p>\\(F=\\displaystyle\\frac{Nm\\overline{v_x^2}}{L}\\)\u3068\u308f\u304b\u3063\u305f\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5727\u529b\u306e\u8a08\u7b97\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3059\u3002\u7acb\u65b9\u4f53\u306e\u4e00\u8fba\u306e\u9577\u3055\u306f\\(L\\)\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\\(x\\)\u8ef8\u306e\u58c1\u306e\u9762\u7a4d\u306f\\(L^2\\)\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3053\u3067\u3001<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\\(F=\\displaystyle\\frac{Nm\\overline{v_x^2}}{L}\\)\u3092\u9762\u7a4d\\(L^2\\)\u3067\u5272\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u5727\u529b\\(P\\)\u3092\u51fa\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\\(P=\\displaystyle\\frac{Nm\\overline{v_x^2}}{L}\u00f7L^2\\)<\/p>\n<p>\\(P=\\displaystyle\\frac{Nm\\overline{v_x^2}}{L^3}\\)<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hatsudy.com\/jp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/qdk7.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"473\" height=\"281\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-9784\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u306a\u304a\\(L^3\\)\u3068\u3044\u3046\u306e\u306f\u3001\u7acb\u65b9\u4f53\u306e\u4f53\u7a4d\\(V\\)\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u5727\u529b\\(P\\)\u3092\u5909\u5f62\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\(P=\\displaystyle\\frac{Nm\\overline{v_x^2}}{V}\\)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u3053\u3046\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4f53\u7a4d\\(V\\)\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3066\\(x\\)\u8ef8\u65b9\u5411\u306e\u5727\u529b\\(P\\)\u3092\u5f97\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u30fb\u5727\u529b\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u305f\u3060\u3001\u3053\u3053\u307e\u3067\u3057\u305f\u8a08\u7b97\u306f\\(x\\)\u8ef8\u65b9\u5411\u306e\u307f\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u5206\u5b50\u304c1\u79d2\u9593\u306b\u58c1\u3078\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u529b\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u308c\u3067\u306f\\(x\\)\u8ef8\u3001\\(y\\)\u8ef8\u3001\\(z\\)\u8ef8\u306e\u3059\u3079\u3066\u3092\u8003\u616e\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5727\u529b\u306f\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7acb\u65b9\u4f53\u306e\u8fba\u306e\u9577\u3055\u306f\u3059\u3079\u3066\u540c\u3058\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5f53\u7136\u306a\u304c\u3089\\(y\\)\u8ef8\u3068\\(z\\)\u8ef8\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3082\u5148\u307b\u3069\u3068\u540c\u3058\u7b54\u3048\u3092\u5f97\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\(y\\)\u8ef8\uff1a\\(P=\\displaystyle\\frac{Nm\\overline{v_y^2}}{V}\\)<\/li>\n<li>\\(z\\)\u8ef8\uff1a\\(P=\\displaystyle\\frac{Nm\\overline{v_z^2}}{V}\\)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u305d\u3053\u3067\\(x\\)\u8ef8\u306e\u5727\u529b\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\\(y\\)\u8ef8\u3068\\(z\\)\u8ef8\u306b\u52a0\u308f\u308b\u5727\u529b\u3092\u8db3\u3059\u3068\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\\(3P=\\displaystyle\\frac{Nm\\overline{v_x^2}}{V}+\\displaystyle\\frac{Nm\\overline{v_y^2}}{V}+\\displaystyle\\frac{Nm\\overline{v_z^2}}{V}\\)<\/p>\n<p>\\(P=\\displaystyle\\frac{Nm}{3V}(\\overline{v_x^2}+\\overline{v_y^2}+\\overline{v_z^2})\\)<\/p>\n<p>\u306a\u304a\u4e09\u5e73\u65b9\u306e\u5b9a\u7406\u3088\u308a\u3001\\(\\overline{v_x^2}\\)\u3001\\(\\overline{v_y^2}\\)\u3001\\(\\overline{v_z^2}\\)\u3001\\(\\overline{v^2}\\)\u306b\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\(\\overline{v_x^2}+\\overline{v_y^2}+\\overline{v_z^2}=\\overline{v^2}\\)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hatsudy.com\/jp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/qdk8.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"365\" height=\"269\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-9785\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u305d\u3053\u3067\u3001\u5f0f\u3092\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u5909\u3048\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\(P=\\displaystyle\\frac{Nm\\overline{v^2}}{3V}\\)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u3053\u3046\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u306b\u3088\u308b\u529b\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u5727\u529b\\(P\\)\u304c\\(\\displaystyle\\frac{Nm\\overline{v^2}}{3V}\\)\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3068\u8a08\u7b97\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u516c\u5f0f\u3068\u3057\u3066\\(P=\\displaystyle\\frac{Nm\\overline{v^2}}{3V}\\)\u3092\u899a\u3048\u3066\u3082\u610f\u5473\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u5fc5\u305a\u516c\u5f0f\u306e\u51fa\u3057\u65b9\u3092\u5b66\u3073\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u305d\u3046\u3059\u308c\u3070\u3001\u5fdc\u7528\u554f\u984c\u304c\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3082\u554f\u984c\u3092\u89e3\u3051\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u7406\u60f3\u6c17\u4f53\u306e\u72b6\u614b\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u3068\u516c\u5f0f\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\u3092\u884c\u3046\uff1a\u30dc\u30eb\u30c4\u30de\u30f3\u5b9a\u6570<\/h2>\n<p>\u5727\u529b\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u305f\u3089\u3001\u6b21\u306b\u7406\u60f3\u6c17\u4f53\u306e\u72b6\u614b\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u3068\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u524d\u8ff0\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3001\u6c17\u4f53\u5206\u5b50\u304c\u7406\u60f3\u6c17\u4f53\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u524d\u63d0\u306b\u516c\u5f0f\u3092\u5c0e\u51fa\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\\(P=\\displaystyle\\frac{Nm\\overline{v^2}}{3V}\\)\u304c\u6210\u308a\u7acb\u3064\u5834\u5408\u3001\u6c17\u4f53\u306e\u72b6\u614b\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u3082\u6210\u308a\u7acb\u3061\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u305d\u3053\u3067\u3001\\(P=\\displaystyle\\frac{Nm\\overline{v^2}}{3V}\\)\u306e\u4e21\u8fba\u306b\\(V\\)\u3092\u304b\u3051\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\(PV=\\displaystyle\\frac{Nm\\overline{v^2}}{3}\\)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6c17\u4f53\u306e\u72b6\u614b\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u3088\u308a\u3001\\(PV=nRT\\)\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\\(PV\\)\u3092\u6d88\u53bb\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u5f0f\u3092\u4f5c\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\(\\displaystyle\\frac{Nm\\overline{v^2}}{3}=nRT\\)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u306a\u304a\\(N\\)\u306f\u7acb\u65b9\u4f53\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u5206\u5b50\u6570\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u7269\u8cea\u91cf\\(n\\)\u3068\u30a2\u30dc\u30ac\u30c9\u30ed\u6570\\(N_A\\)\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3001\\(n=\\displaystyle\\frac{N}{N_A}\\)\u3068\u8868\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5316\u5b66\u306e\u77e5\u8b58\u306b\u306f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u7269\u8cea\u91cf\u3068\u30a2\u30dc\u30ac\u30c9\u30ed\u6570\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3066\u5f0f\u3092\u4f5c\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\\(n=\\displaystyle\\frac{N}{N_A}\\)\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5148\u307b\u3069\u306e\u5f0f\u3092\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u5909\u5f62\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\\(\\displaystyle\\frac{Nm\\overline{v^2}}{3}=\\displaystyle\\frac{N}{N_A}RT\\)<\/p>\n<p>\\(\\displaystyle\\frac{m\\overline{v^2}}{3}=\\displaystyle\\frac{RT}{N_A}\\)<\/p>\n<p>\u306a\u304a\u30a2\u30dc\u30ac\u30c9\u30ed\u6570\\(N_A\\)\u306f\u4e00\u5b9a\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u6c17\u4f53\u5b9a\u6570\\(R\\)\u3082\u4e00\u5b9a\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\\(\\displaystyle\\frac{R}{N_A}\\)\u306f\u5b9a\u6570\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u5024\u304c\u5909\u308f\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u305d\u3053\u3067\u3001\\(\\displaystyle\\frac{R}{N_A}=k\\)\u3068\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\(\\displaystyle\\frac{m\\overline{v^2}}{3}=kT\\)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u306a\u304a\u3001<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\\(\\displaystyle\\frac{R}{N_A}=k\\)\u3092\u30dc\u30eb\u30c4\u30de\u30f3\u5b9a\u6570\u3068\u3044\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span>\u5927\u5b66\u306e\u7d71\u8a08\u529b\u5b66\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30dc\u30eb\u30c4\u30de\u30f3\u5b9a\u6570\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u306a\u304a\u5f0f\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u5206\u5b50\u306e\u901f\u3055\\(v\\)\u306f\u6e29\u5ea6\\(T\\)\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6c7a\u307e\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u3067\u306f\u3001\u6e29\u5ea6\u306f\u5206\u5b50\u904b\u52d5\u306e\u6fc0\u3057\u3055\u3092\u8868\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a\u30b9\u30d4\u30fc\u30c9\u306e\u901f\u3044\u5206\u5b50\u304c\u305f\u304f\u3055\u3093\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5206\u3060\u3051\u6e29\u5ea6\u3082\u9ad8\u304f\u306a\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u7406\u7531\u306f\u3001\u5f0f\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u5206\u5b50\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u5e73\u5747\u904b\u52d5\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\uff1a\u6e29\u5ea6\u3067\u5206\u5b50\u306e\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u304c\u6c7a\u307e\u308b<\/h3>\n<p>\u6b21\u306b\u5206\u5b50\u306e\u904b\u52d5\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u306b\u7740\u76ee\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u904b\u52d5\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u306f\\(\\displaystyle\\frac{1}{2}mv^2\\)\u3067\u5f97\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3053\u3067\u5148\u307b\u3069\u306e\u5f0f\u3092\u5909\u5f62\u3057\u3001\\(\\displaystyle\\frac{1}{2}mv^2\\)\u306e\u5f62\u306b\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\\(\\displaystyle\\frac{m\\overline{v^2}}{3}=kT\\)<\/p>\n<p>\\(\\displaystyle\\frac{1}{2}m\\overline{v^2}=\\displaystyle\\frac{3}{2}kT\\)<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u3046\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5206\u5b50\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u904b\u52d5\u91cf\u306f\\(\\displaystyle\\frac{3}{2}kT\\)\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3068\u8a08\u7b97\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f0f\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001<span 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