There are many types of compounds that have aromatic properties. All compounds are aromatic if they have a benzene ring in the molecule. However, there are aromatic compounds that are different from benzene rings. These are heterocyclic compounds. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds show aromaticity but have different properties from benzene rings. What should we pay attention […]
When synthesizing a compound with a six-membered ring, there is one synthetic reaction to consider first; the pericyclic reaction. Among the pericyclic reactions, the most famous is the Diels-Alder reaction. In organic chemical reactions, Lewis acids and Lewis bases are usually involved in the reaction. In the pericyclic reaction, however, acids and bases are not […]
In organic chemistry, we deal with a variety of molecules. One of the most important structures is conjugation. When double bonds (unsaturated bonds) and single bonds alternate, they are called conjugates. Double bonds are known to undergo addition reactions. However, in conjugated dienes, two types of reactions occur when the addition reaction occurs; 1,2 addition […]
Synthetic reactions that create carbon bonds are very important in organic chemistry. Among those reactions, the aldol reaction is one of the most frequently used synthetic reactions. The aldol reaction is the synthetic reaction that all of us learn when we study organic chemistry. However, the aldol reaction doesn’t end with a single reaction. After […]
One way to create a new carbon chain is through synthetic reactions using enolates. One of the organic chemical syntheses with enolates is Claisen condensation. In Claisen condensation, molecules with esters react with enolates. As a result, new carbonyl compounds can be obtained. When Claisen condensation occurs intramolecularly, it is called Dieckmann condensation (intramolecular Claisen […]
A synthetic reaction to create a new carbon chain is the use of enol and enolate. The α-carbon of the carbonyl group (the carbon next to the carbonyl carbon) plays an important role, and due to its high acidity, the proton (H+) is pulled out by the base. Therefore, the carbon next to the carbonyl […]
Catalytic hydrogenation is a technique that can reduce compounds by a simple experimental procedure. Catalytic hydrogenation is also known as catalytic reduction. Catalytic hydrogenation is a method of reacting with hydrogen (H2). Catalytic reduction causes hydrogen to be added to the compound, and the molecule’s shape is changed. In catalytic reduction, the reagent used is […]
It is important in organic chemistry to change the form of the functional group to get the substituent you want. When you perform a synthetic reaction, you have to synthesize a compound that has the functional group you want. One of those synthetic reactions is carbonyl reduction. Among the reduction reactions, the reduction of carbonyl […]
The addition of carbon chains to molecules is important when synthesizing compounds in organic chemistry. One such synthetic reaction is the Wittig reaction. In the Wittig reaction, a carbonyl group (ketone) or a formyl group (aldehyde) can be converted to alkenes. This means that C=O can be converted to C=C. A frequently used synthetic reaction […]
In organic chemistry, synthetic reactions are often carried out by acids and bases. The reaction of a Lewis acid and a Lewis base creates new bonds. So when a compound reacts chemically, what kind of atoms bond with each other? In this regard, the HSAB theory (or HSAB principle) helps us to predict where compounds […]
